Unit: Atomic structure and properties

### average atomic mass
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/YsqoF3hqdkg.mp4/YsqoF3hqdkg.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/YsqoF3hqdkg.mp4-low/YsqoF3hqdkg-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/YsqoF3hqdkg.mp4-low-ios/YsqoF3hqdkg-low-ios.mp4

### the mole and avogadro s number
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cvi4IJMZ13Q.mp4/cvi4IJMZ13Q.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cvi4IJMZ13Q.mp4-low/cvi4IJMZ13Q-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cvi4IJMZ13Q.mp4-low-ios/cvi4IJMZ13Q-low-ios.mp4

### worked example calculating molar mass and number of moles
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PAqzpZ-nMlg.mp4/PAqzpZ-nMlg.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PAqzpZ-nMlg.mp4-low/PAqzpZ-nMlg-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PAqzpZ-nMlg.mp4-low-ios/PAqzpZ-nMlg-low-ios.mp4

### isotopes
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/ShC3VoxxW3g.mp4/ShC3VoxxW3g.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/ShC3VoxxW3g.mp4-low/ShC3VoxxW3g-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/ShC3VoxxW3g.mp4-low-ios/ShC3VoxxW3g-low-ios.mp4

### mass spectrometry
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/myolF-h1kKI.mp4/myolF-h1kKI.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/myolF-h1kKI.mp4-low/myolF-h1kKI-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/myolF-h1kKI.mp4-low-ios/myolF-h1kKI-low-ios.mp4

### worked example identifying element from mass spectrum
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/vU7MDe4ph5A.mp4/vU7MDe4ph5A.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/vU7MDe4ph5A.mp4-low/vU7MDe4ph5A-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/vU7MDe4ph5A.mp4-low-ios/vU7MDe4ph5A-low-ios.mp4

### empirical molecular and structural formulas
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/bmjg7lq4m4o.mp4/bmjg7lq4m4o.mp4

### worked example calculating mass percent
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/enTtIDEtda8.mp4/enTtIDEtda8.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/enTtIDEtda8.mp4-low/enTtIDEtda8-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/enTtIDEtda8.mp4-low-ios/enTtIDEtda8-low-ios.mp4

### formula mass composition
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/k9cxYojKI1I.mp4/k9cxYojKI1I.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/k9cxYojKI1I.mp4-low/k9cxYojKI1I-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/k9cxYojKI1I.mp4-low-ios/k9cxYojKI1I-low-ios.mp4

### worked example determining empirical formula from combustion data
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SE9kPohzgk4.mp4/SE9kPohzgk4.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SE9kPohzgk4.mp4-low/SE9kPohzgk4-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/SE9kPohzgk4.mp4-low-ios/SE9kPohzgk4-low-ios.mp4

### worked example calculating mass of substance in mixture
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs.mp4/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs.mp4-low/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs.mp4-low-ios/Zy3Y3ZbJ2xs-low-ios.mp4

### worked example analyzing purity of a mixture
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/K5HPsKdgxsI.mp4/K5HPsKdgxsI.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/K5HPsKdgxsI.mp4-low/K5HPsKdgxsI-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/K5HPsKdgxsI.mp4-low-ios/K5HPsKdgxsI-low-ios.mp4

### orbitals
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/26PF9Ctch9Y.mp4/26PF9Ctch9Y.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/26PF9Ctch9Y.mp4-low/26PF9Ctch9Y-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/26PF9Ctch9Y.mp4-low-ios/26PF9Ctch9Y-low-ios.mp4

### introduction to electron configurations
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/LyFzELsUgBU.mp4/LyFzELsUgBU.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/LyFzELsUgBU.mp4-low/LyFzELsUgBU-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/LyFzELsUgBU.mp4-low-ios/LyFzELsUgBU-low-ios.mp4

### the aufbau principle
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zersl0Ji3P0.mp4/Zersl0Ji3P0.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zersl0Ji3P0.mp4-low/Zersl0Ji3P0-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Zersl0Ji3P0.mp4-low-ios/Zersl0Ji3P0-low-ios.mp4

### valence electrons
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cZTdBsAjPPk.mp4/cZTdBsAjPPk.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cZTdBsAjPPk.mp4-low/cZTdBsAjPPk-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/cZTdBsAjPPk.mp4-low-ios/cZTdBsAjPPk-low-ios.mp4

### electron configurations of ions
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/oCajIGPK-WM.mp4/oCajIGPK-WM.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/oCajIGPK-WM.mp4-low/oCajIGPK-WM-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/oCajIGPK-WM.mp4-low-ios/oCajIGPK-WM-low-ios.mp4

### electron configurations in the 3d orbitals
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/ddNsfv8iaps.mp4/ddNsfv8iaps.mp4

### periodic trends and coulombs law
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/gi2Y-kbrjCw.mp4/gi2Y-kbrjCw.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/gi2Y-kbrjCw.mp4-low/gi2Y-kbrjCw-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/gi2Y-kbrjCw.mp4-low-ios/gi2Y-kbrjCw-low-ios.mp4

### atomic and ionic radii
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/rKoIcgBM4Vg.mp4/rKoIcgBM4Vg.mp4

### group trend for ionization energy
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/vQLcxlvK7Ik.mp4/vQLcxlvK7Ik.mp4

### period trend for ionization energy
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/649ZlWMp0LE.mp4/649ZlWMp0LE.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/649ZlWMp0LE.mp4-low/649ZlWMp0LE-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/649ZlWMp0LE.mp4-low-ios/649ZlWMp0LE-low-ios.mp4

### first and second ionization energy
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/uVWquWFjnCw.mp4/uVWquWFjnCw.mp4

### worked example identifying element from successive ionization energies
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PfL-gzDdOBo.mp4/PfL-gzDdOBo.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PfL-gzDdOBo.mp4-low/PfL-gzDdOBo-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/PfL-gzDdOBo.mp4-low-ios/PfL-gzDdOBo-low-ios.mp4

### electron affinity
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/6WIBa32o63Q.mp4/6WIBa32o63Q.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/6WIBa32o63Q.mp4-low/6WIBa32o63Q-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/6WIBa32o63Q.mp4-low-ios/6WIBa32o63Q-low-ios.mp4

### electronegativity trends
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/Rr7LhdSKMxY.mp4/Rr7LhdSKMxY.mp4

### valence electrons and ionic compounds
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/XPnlIEk7XrU.mp4/XPnlIEk7XrU.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/XPnlIEk7XrU.mp4-low/XPnlIEk7XrU-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/XPnlIEk7XrU.mp4-low-ios/XPnlIEk7XrU-low-ios.mp4

### formula for ionic compounds
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/8_fMpRUsnBk.mp4/8_fMpRUsnBk.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/8_fMpRUsnBk.mp4-low/8_fMpRUsnBk-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/8_fMpRUsnBk.mp4-low-ios/8_fMpRUsnBk-low-ios.mp4

### introduction to photoelectron spectroscopy
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/UaTWrOTh4qU.mp4/UaTWrOTh4qU.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/UaTWrOTh4qU.mp4-low/UaTWrOTh4qU-low.mp4
https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-youtube-converted/UaTWrOTh4qU.mp4-low-ios/UaTWrOTh4qU-low-ios.mp4
